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Solar Regulator Information
A solar regulator is a charge controller.
To understand why a solar regulator is required we first have to understand how a standalone PV system generates electricity.

In the real world
we have usually have less than maximum light entering the solar cells and because the solar module are usually hotter than the standard test conditions of 25 DegC. because a solar module generates a current that is proportional to the amount of light falling on the cells and a voltage that is proportional to the heat absorbed by the cells.

The charge from the solar module is used to recharge a suitably sized battery so the power can be tapped as required.
Batteries are easily damaged by overcharging and the power from the solar module is not consistent  due to changing ambient conditions. It must be continually adjusted before it is fed to the battery. The solar regulator will ensure the battries receive the optimum level of current at the correct voltage. That is the main purpose of the solar regulator.
 proportional to the charge from the solar module vary according to the ambient conditions and amount of solar radiation striking the solar cells.

The purpose of the solar regulator is to control the output  to the battery and attached load so as to provide the optimum level of voltage and amperage. That is all the basic solar regulator is required to do but there are several ways to achieve that outcome and many charge controllers have additional features to ensure safe and efficient power control.